Ubunzima obulula, ixabiso eliphantsi, amandla anempembelelo ephezulu, ukubumba, kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso kuqhuba ngokukhawuleza imfuno ye-thermoplastics, enceda ukugcina i-elektroniki, ukukhanya, kunye neenjini zemoto zipholile.#Polyolefin
Iikhompawundi zePolyOne's thermally conductive zisetyenziswa kwi-automotive kunye ne-E/E applications, ezifana nezibane ze-LED, iisinki zobushushu kunye neendawo ezivaliweyo zombane.
Iimveliso ze-Covestro's Makrolon thermal PC ziquka amabakala ezibane ze-LED kunye neesinki zobushushu.
Iikhompawundi ze-RTP's thermally conductive zinokusetyenziswa kwizindlu ezifana neebhokisi zebhetri, kunye neeradiyetha kunye nezinto ezidityanisiweyo zokulahla ubushushu.
Ii-OEMs kumbane/i-electronics, iimoto, izibane, izixhobo zonyango, kunye namashishini oomatshini bemizi-mveliso bebenomdla kwi-thermoplastics conductive thermally iminyaka emininzi kuba befuna izisombululo ezitsha zezicelo ezibandakanya iiradiyetha kunye nezinye izixhobo zokulahla ubushushu, ii-LED.Ityala kunye nebhetri.
Uphando lwamashishini lubonisa ukuba ezi zixhobo zikhula kwizinga eliphindwe kabini, eliqhutywa zizicelo ezintsha ezifana neenqwelo zombane zonke, iimoto ezinzima kunye namacandelo amakhulu okuthengisa i-LED.Iiplastiki ze-Thermally conductive zicela umngeni kwizinto zemveli, njengesinyithi (ingakumbi i-aluminiyam) kunye neeseramikhi, kuba zineenzuzo ezininzi: iikhompawundi zeplastiki zikhaphukhaphu ngobunzima, ziphantsi ngeendleko, zilula ukwenza, zenziwe ngokwezifiso, kwaye zinokubonelela ngeenzuzo ezingaphezulu kuzinzo lwe-thermal. , Amandla empembelelo kunye nokuchasana nokukrala kunye nokuxhathisa i-abrasion.
Izongezo eziphucula i-thermal conductivity ziquka igraphite, igraphene, kunye ne-ceramic fillers ezifana ne-boron nitride kunye ne-alumina.Itekhnoloji yokuzisebenzisa nayo iqhubela phambili kwaye iba neendleko eziphezulu.Omnye umkhwa kukuqaliswa kweeresin zobunjineli ezixabisa ixabiso eliphantsi (ezifana nenayiloni 6 kunye ne-66 kunye ne-PC) kwiikhompawundi ze-thermal conductive, ezibeka izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ezixabisa kakhulu ezifana ne-PPS, i-PSU, kunye ne-PEI kukhuphiswano.
Yintoni le ingaka?Umthombo we-RTP uthe: "Ukukwazi ukwenza iinxalenye zenetha, ukunciphisa inani lamalungu kunye namanyathelo okuhlanganisa, kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima kunye neendleko zonke ziqhuba ukwamkelwa kwezi zixhobo.""Kwizicelo ezithile, ezifana neendawo ezivaliweyo zombane kunye nokugqithisa umbane , Ukukwazi ukuhambisa ubushushu xa usiba yinto yombane kugxininiso lokuqwalaselwa."
UDalia Naamani-Goldman, uMphathi weNtengiso yezoThutho zoMbane kunye noMbane weBASF's Functional Materials Business, wongeze wathi: “I-Thermal conductivity iba ngumba okhulayo wenkxalabo kubenzi bamacandelo e-elektroniki kunye nee-OEM zemoto.Ngenxa yenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kunye nemiqobo yendawo, izicelo zincinci kwaye ngoko ke i-thermal Ukuqokelela kunye nokusasazwa kwamandla kuye kwaba yingqwalasela.Ukuba unyawo lwecandelo lulinganiselwe, kunzima ukongeza isitya sokutshisa isinyithi okanye ufake icandelo lentsimbi.
UNahamani-Goldman ucacisile ukuba usetyenziso lwamandla ombane aphezulu lungena kwiimoto, kwaye imfuno yokusetyenzwa kwamandla iyakhula.Kwiipakethe zebhetri yemoto yombane, ukusetyenziswa kwetsimbi ukusabalalisa kunye nokusabalalisa ukushisa kwandisa ubunzima, olona khetho olungathandekiyo.Ukongeza, iindawo zentsimbi ezisebenza ngamandla aphezulu zinokubangela ukothuka kombane okuyingozi.I-resin yeplastiki eqhubayo kodwa engaqhubekiyo ivumela amandla ombane aphezulu ngelixa igcina ukhuseleko lombane.
Injineli yophuhliso lwentsimi yeCelanese uJames Miller (owayengaphambi kwePolymers epholileyo efunyenwe yiCelanese ngo-2014) wathi amacandelo ombane kunye ne-elektroniki, ngokukodwa amacandelo ombane kunye ne-elektroniki kwiimoto zombane, akhule kunye necandelo lecandelo Iba ngakumbi kwaye iqhubekile kwaye iyaqhubeka iyancipha.“Enye into ethintela ukucuthwa kobungakanani bala macandelo bubuchule bawo bolawulo lobushushu.Uphuculo kwiinketho zokupakisha ezihambisayo zenza izixhobo zibe zincinci kwaye zisebenze ngakumbi. ”
UMiller ubonise ukuba kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki zamandla, iiplastiki eziqhuba i-thermal ziyakwazi ukugqithiswa okanye zipakishwe, ezilukhetho loyilo olungafumanekiyo kwisinyithi okanye kwi-ceramics.Kwizixhobo zonyango ezivelisa ukushisa (ezifana nezixhobo zonyango ezineekhamera okanye amacandelo e-cauterization), ukuguquguquka koyilo lweeplastiki ze-thermal conductive zivumela ukupakishwa kwesisindo esilula.
UJean-Paul Scheepens, umphathi jikelele weshishini lezinto zobunjineli ezikhethekileyo zePolyOne, wachaza ukuba iimoto kunye nemizi-mveliso ye-E/E ineyona mfuno inkulu yeekhompawundi ze-thermal conductive.Uthe ezi mveliso zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi kunye neshishini, kubandakanya inkululeko yoyilo eyandisiweyo, uyilo oluvumelayo Ukwandiswa kwendawo kunokuphucula ukuzinza kwe-thermal.Iipolymers ze-Thermally conductive zikwabonelela ngeenketho ezilula ngakumbi kunye nokudityaniswa kwenxalenye, njengokudibanisa ama-sinks obushushu kunye nezindlu kwindawo enye, kunye nokukwazi ukudala inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu obumanyeneyo.Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kwenkqubo yokubumba inaliti yenye into efanelekileyo.”
UJoel Matsco, umphathi omkhulu wentengiso wepolycarbonate eCovestro, ukholelwa ukuba iiplastiki ezisebenza ngethermally zijolise ikakhulu kwizicelo zeemoto."Ngenzuzo yoxinaniso malunga ne-50%, banokunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima.Oku kunokwandiswa nakwizithuthi zombane.Iimodyuli ezininzi zebhetri zisasebenzisa isinyithi kulawulo lwe-thermal, kwaye ngenxa yokuba iimodyuli ezininzi zisebenzisa izakhiwo eziphindaphindayo ngaphakathi, zisebenzisa i-thermal conductivity Ubunzima obugcinwe ngokutshintsha iintsimbi ngeepolymers ngokukhawuleza banda. "
I-Covestro ikwabona umkhwa obhekisele ekukhanyeni kwezinto ezinkulu zokukhanya kwezorhwebo.UMatsco uthi: “Iiponti ezingama-35 endaweni yezibane eziphakamileyo eziziiponti ezingama-70 zifuna ulwakhiwo oluncinane yaye kulula ukuba abafakeli baqhubeke nokwenza isikafula.”I-Covestro ineeprojekthi ezivaliweyo ze-elektroniki ezinjengee-routers, apho iinxalenye zeplastiki zisebenza njenge-Container kwaye zibonelela ngolawulo lobushushu.UMatsco uthe: "Kuzo zonke iimarike, kuxhomekeke kuyilo, sinokunciphisa iindleko ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20%.
I-PolyOne's Sheepens yachaza ukuba usetyenziso oluphambili lwetekhnoloji ye-thermal conductivity kwimoto kunye ne-E / E ibandakanya ukukhanya kwe-LED, i-heater sinks kunye ne-chassis ye-elektroniki, enjengeebhodi zomama, iibhokisi ze-inverter, kunye nolawulo lwamandla / izicelo zokhuseleko.Ngokufanayo, imithombo ye-RTP ibona iikhompawundi zayo ze-thermal conductive zisetyenziswa kwizindlu kunye neesinki zokushisa, kunye nezinto ezidibeneyo zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwimizi-mveliso, zonyango okanye izixhobo zombane.
UMatsco waseCovestro uthe esona sicelo siphambili sokukhanya kwezorhwebo kukutshintshwa kweeradiyetha zetsimbi.Ngokufanayo, ulawulo lwe-thermal yezicelo zenethiwekhi eziphezulu zikhula kwii-routers kunye nezikhululo ezisisiseko.I-BASF's Naamani-Goldman yachaza ngokukodwa ukuba amacandelo e-elektroniki abandakanya iibhasi zebhasi, iibhokisi ze-voltage junction kunye nezihlanganisi, ii-motor insulators, kunye neekhamera zokujonga ngaphambili nangasemva.
UMiller kaCelanese uthe iiplastiki eziqhuba i-thermal zenze imitsi emikhulu ekuboneleleni ngokuguquguquka koyilo lwe-3D ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno eziphezulu zolawulo lobushushu bokukhanya kwe-LED.Wongeze wathi: "Ezibaneni zeemoto, i-CoolPoly Thermally Conductive Polymer (TCP) yethu yenza ukuba kusetyenziswe izindlu ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo kunye neeradiyetha ze-aluminium endaweni yezibane zangaphandle."
UMiller kaCelanese uthe i-CoolPoly TCP ibonelela ngesisombululo somboniso okhulayo we-automotive head-up display (HUD) -ngenxa yendawo encinci yedeshibhodi, ukuhamba komoya kunye nobushushu, esi sicelo sifuna ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obuphezulu kunokukhanya okufanayo.Ukukhanya kwelanga kukhanya kule ndawo yemoto."Ubunzima beplastiki ye-thermal conductive ilula kune-aluminium, enokunciphisa impembelelo yokothuka kunye nokungcangcazela kule nxalenye yesithuthi, enokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwemifanekiso."
Kwimeko yebhetri, iCelanese ifumene isisombululo esitsha ngochungechunge lwe-CoolPoly TCP D, olunokubonelela nge-thermal conductivity ngaphandle kokuhamba kombane, ngaloo ndlela ihlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zomgangatho wesicelo.Ngamanye amaxesha, izinto zokuqinisa kwi-thermal conductive zeplastiki zinciphisa ubude bayo, ngoko ke iingcali zeCelanese ziye zaphuhlisa i-nylon-based grade CoolPoly TCP, eqinile kunebakala eliqhelekileyo (100 MPa flexural strength, 14 GPa flexural modulus, 9 kJ / m2 Charpy notch impact) ngaphandle kokuncama conductivity thermal okanye ukuxinana.
I-CoolPoly TCP ibonelela ngokuguquguquka kwi-design convection kwaye inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokudlulisa ubushushu kwizicelo ezininzi eziye zasebenzisa i-aluminium ngokwembali.Inzuzo yokubumba inaliti yayo kukuba i-aluminium die castings idla isinye kwisithathu samandla e-aluminiyam, kwaye ubomi benkonzo bandiswa ngamaxesha amathandathu.
Ngokutsho kweMatsco yaseCovestro, kwicandelo lezemoto, isicelo esiphambili kukutshintsha i-radiator kwiimodyuli ze-headlamp, iimodyuli zesibane senkungu kunye neemodyuli zokukhanya.I-Heat sinks ye-LED ephezulu kunye nemisebenzi ye-beam ephantsi, imibhobho yokukhanya ye-LED kunye nezikhokelo zokukhanya, izibane zokukhanya kwemini (DRL) kunye nezibane zesignali ezijikayo zizo zonke izicelo ezinokubakho.
UMatsco wachaza: "Enye yezona zinto ziphambili zokuqhuba iMakrolon thermal PC kukukwazi ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo umsebenzi wokucwilisa ubushushu kwizinto zokukhanyisa (ezifana nezibonisi, iibezels, kunye nezindlu), eziphunyezwa ngokubumba iinaliti ezininzi okanye ezimbini- iindlela zecandelo.“Ngokusebenzisa isibonisi kunye nesakhelo esihlala senziwe ngePC, ukuncamathela okuphuculweyo kunokubonwa xa iPC esebenza ngethermal iphinda ibunjwe kuyo ukulawula ubushushu, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa imfuno yokulungisa izikrufu okanye izinto zokuncamathelisa.Imfuno.Oku kunciphisa inani lamacandelo, imisebenzi encedisayo kunye neendleko zenqanaba lenkqubo ngokubanzi.Ukongeza, kwintsimi yezithuthi zombane, sibona amathuba kulawulo lwe-thermal kunye nenkxaso yemodyuli yebhetri. "
I-BASF's Naamani-Goldman (Naamani-Goldman) nayo yatsho kwizithuthi zombane ukuba iipakethi zebhetri ezifana nezahluli zebhetri zithembisa kakhulu.“Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zivelisa ubushushu obuninzi, kodwa kufuneka zibe kwindawo engaguqukiyo emalunga ne-65°C, kungenjalo ziya kuthotywa okanye zisilele.”
Ekuqaleni, iikhompawundi zeplastiki ze-thermal conductive zazisekelwe kwii-resin zobunjineli eziphezulu.Kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ii-resin zobunjineli bebhetshi ezifana ne-nylon 6 kunye ne-66, i-PC kunye ne-PBT zidlale indima enkulu.UMatsco kaCovestro wathi: “Yonke le nto ifunyenwe endle.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu zeendleko, intengiso ibonakala igxile kwinayiloni kunye nepolycarbonate. "
UScheepens uthe nangona i-PPS isasetyenziswa rhoqo, inayiloni 6 kunye ne-66 yePolyOne kunye ne-PBT zonyukile.
I-RTP yathi inayiloni, i-PPS, i-PBT, i-PC kunye ne-PP zezona zixhaphakileyo, kodwa kuxhomekeke kumngeni wesicelo, ezininzi ze-thermoplastics eziphezulu zokusebenza ezifana ne-PEI, i-PEEK kunye ne-PPSU zingasetyenziswa.Umthombo we-RTP uthe: "Ngokomzekelo, i-heat sink yesibane se-LED ingenziwa nge-nylon 66 yezinto ezidibeneyo zokubonelela nge-thermal conductivity ukuya kwi-35 W / mK.Kwiibhetri zotyando ekufuneka zimelane nokuvala inzala rhoqo, iPPSU iyafuneka.Iimpawu zokugquma umbane kunye nokunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kokufuma.
UNahamani-Goldman uthe i-BASF ineekhompawundi ezininzi zentengiso ye-thermal conductive, kubandakanywa inayiloni yesi-6 kunye namabakala angama-66.“Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zethu kufakwe kwimveliso kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana nezindlu zeemoto kunye neziseko zombane.Njengoko siqhubeka nokumisela iimfuno zabathengi zokuqhuba kwe-thermal, le yindawo esebenzayo yophuhliso.Abathengi abaninzi abazi ukuba leliphi inqanaba abalidingayo i-Conductivity, ke izixhobo kufuneka zilungelelaniswe ukuze izicelo ezithile zisebenze. ”
I-DSM Engineering Plastics isanda kuqaliswa i-Xytron G4080HR, i-40% ye-glass fiber eqiniswe i-PPS eyenza ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zokulawula izithuthi zombane.Yenzelwe kunye neempawu zokuguga ezishushu, ukumelana ne-hydrolysis, ukuzinza komda, ukuxhathisa iikhemikhali kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokubuyiswa komlilo.
Ngokweengxelo, le nto inokugcina amandla e-6000 ukuya kwii-10,000 iiyure kwiqondo lokushisa eliqhubekayo elisebenza ngaphezu kwe-130 ° C.Kwixesha lamva nje le-3000-iyure ye-135 ° C yovavanyo lwamanzi / i-glycol yolwelo, amandla okuqina e-Xytron G4080HR anyuke nge-114% kwaye ukunyuswa kwekhefu kunyuke nge-63% xa kuthelekiswa nemveliso efanayo.
I-RTP yathi ngokweemfuno zesicelo, naziphi na iintlobo zezongezo zingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal, kwaye yabonisa: "Ezona zongezo zithandwa kakhulu ziyaqhubeka zibe izongezo ezifana negraphite, kodwa siye sahlola iinketho ezintsha ezifana negraphene okanye izongezo ezintsha zeceramic..inkqubo.”
Umzekelo wale yokugqibela yaqalwa kulo nyaka uphelileyo nguMartinswerk Div ​​yeHuber Engineered Polymers.Ngokweengxelo, ngokusekelwe kwi-alumina, kunye neendlela ezintsha zokufuduka (ezifana nokufakelwa kombane), ukusebenza kwee-additives ze-Martoxid ze-series zingcono kunezinye i-alumina kunye nezinye iifayili eziqhubayo.I-Martoxid iphuculwe ngokulawula ukusabalalisa ubungakanani be-particle kunye ne-morphology ukubonelela ngokupakisha okuphuculweyo kunye noxinaniso kunye nonyango olulodwa olulodwa.Ngokweengxelo, ingasetyenziswa kunye nexabiso lokuzalisa elidlula i-60% ngaphandle kokuchaphazela iimpawu zomatshini okanye ze-rheological.Ibonisa amandla abalaseleyo kwi-PP, TPO, inayiloni 6 kunye ne-66, i-ABS, i-PC kunye ne-LSR.
I-Matsco kaCovestro yathi zombini igraphite kunye negraphene zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi, kwaye yabonisa ukuba igraphite inexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-thermal conductivity, ngelixa igraphene idla ngokubiza ngaphezulu, kodwa ineenzuzo ezicacileyo zokuqhuba kwe-thermal.Wongeze wathi: “Kusoloko kukho imfuneko yemathiriyeli ye-thermally conductive, electrically insulating (TC/EI), kwaye kulapho izongezo ezifana ne-boron nitride zixhaphakile.Ngelishwa, awufumani nto.Kule meko, i-boron nitride inikezela Ukufakelwa kombane kuphuculwe, kodwa i-thermal conductivity iyancitshiswa.Ngaphezu koko, ixabiso le-boron nitride linokuba phezulu kakhulu, ngoko ke i-TC/EI kufuneka ibe ngumsebenzi wezinto ezibonakalayo ofuneka ngokukhawuleza ukubonisa ukunyuka kweendleko.
UNahamani-Goldman weBASF ukubeka ngolu hlobo oku: “Ucelomngeni kukwenza ulungelelwano phakathi kokuhamba kobushushu nezinye izinto ezifunekayo;ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziphathekayo zinokucutshungulwa ngokufanelekileyo ngobuninzi kunye nokuba iimpawu zomatshini aziwisanga kakhulu.Omnye umngeni kukudala inkqubo enokwamkelwa ngokubanzi.Isisombululo esiyongayo. ”
I-PolyOne's Scheepens ikholelwa ukuba zombini i-carbon-based fillers (graphite) kunye ne-ceramic fillers ziyizongezo ezithembisayo ezilindeleke ukuba zifezekise ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal efunekayo kunye nokulinganisa ezinye iimpawu zombane kunye nezomatshini.
U-Miller kaCelanese uthe inkampani ihlolisise izongezo ezahlukeneyo ezidibanisa imboni yokhetho olubanzi kakhulu lwee-resin ezisisiseko ezidibeneyo ukubonelela ngezithako zobunikazi ezenza i-thermal conductivity Uluhlu luyi-0.4-40 W / mK.
Imfuno ye-multifunctional conductive compounds efana ne-thermal kunye ne-conductivity yombane okanye i-thermal kunye ne-flame retardant nayo ibonakala ikhula.
I-Matsco kaCovestro yachaza ukuba xa inkampani isungula iMakrolon TC8030 kunye ne-TC8060 PC, abathengi baqala kwangoko ukubuza ukuba bangenziwa na kwizinto zokukhusela umbane.“Isisombululo asilula kangako.Yonke into esiyenzayo ukuphucula i-EI iya kuba nefuthe elibi kwi-TC.Ngoku, sinikezela ngeMakrolon TC110 polycarbonate kwaye siphuhlisa ezinye izisombululo ukuhlangabezana nezi mfuno.
BASF kaThixo Naamani-Goldman wathi izicelo ezahlukeneyo zifuna conductivity thermal kunye nezinye iimpawu, ezifana iipakethi ibhetri kunye nezihlanganisi high-voltage, apho zonke kufuneka ukutshatyalaliswa ubushushu kwaye kufuneka ukuhlangabezana imigangatho engqongqo ilangatye retardant xa usebenzisa iibhetri lithium-ion.
I-PolyOne, i-RTP kunye ne-Celanese zonke zibone imfuno enkulu yeekhompawundi ezisebenzayo ezivela kuwo onke amacandelo emarike, kwaye zibonelela nge-thermal conductivity kunye nokukhusela i-EMI, impembelelo ephezulu, ukungabikho kwedangatye, ukugquma kombane, kunye neeCompounds ezinemisebenzi efana nokuxhathisa kwe-UV kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal.
Ubuchwephesha bokubumba bendabuko abusebenzi kwizinto eziphezulu zokushisa.Iimolders kufuneka ziqonde iimeko ezithile kunye neeparameters zokusombulula iingxaki ngamanye amaxesha ezibangelwa kukubumba kwenaliti yobushushu obuphezulu.
Uphononongo olutsha lubonisa indlela uhlobo kunye nesixa se-LDPE esixutywe ne-LLDPE ekuchaphazela ngayo ukuqhubela phambili kunye namandla / ukuqina kwefilimu evuthelweyo.Idatha iboniswe kwi-LDPE-rich kunye nemixube etyebileyo ye-LLDPE.