Hoʻohui nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kokoke i ka infrared i ke kukui ʻike kiʻekiʻe me ka absorption koho ikaika e kū'ē i ke kukui infrared kokoke.No ka laʻana, ma ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ia i nā mea puka makani, ʻoki maikaʻi ʻia ka ikehu o nā kukuna kokoke-infrared i loko o ka lā me ka mālama ʻana i ka mālamalama kūpono, e hopena i kahi hopena e hoʻopaʻa loa i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana i loko o ka lumi.

Loaʻa ka lā i nā kukuna ultraviolet (UVC: ~290 nm, UVB: 290 a 320 nm, UVA: 320 a 380 nm), nā kukuna ʻike ʻia (380 a 780 nm), kokoke i nā kukuna infrared (780 a 2500 nm), a me ka waena infrared. nā kukuna (2500 a 4000 nm).ʻO kona lakio ikehu he 7% no nā kukui ultraviolet, 47% no nā kukuna ʻike ʻia, a me 46% no nā kukuna infrared kokoke a me waena.ʻO nā kukuna infrared kokoke (ua hoʻopau ʻia ʻo NIR) ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika o ka radiation ma nā lōʻihi hawewe pōkole, a komo lākou i loko o ka ʻili a loaʻa i kahi hopena wela kiʻekiʻe, no laila ua kapa ʻia lākou "nā kukuna wela."

Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ke aniani hoʻopaʻa wela a i ʻole ke aniani hōʻike wela no ka pale ʻana i ke aniani puka makani mai ka pāhawewe lā.Hana ʻia ke aniani wela e ka NIR-absorption o nā mea hao (Fe), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i kāwili ʻia i loko o ke aniani, a hiki ke hana ʻia ma ke kumukūʻai.Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoia pono ʻia ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia no ka mea he leo kala i ʻokoʻa i ka mea.ʻO ke aniani hoʻohālike wela, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ke hoʻāʻo nei e hōʻike i ka ikehu o ka lā ma o ka hana kino ʻana i nā metala a me nā ʻokikene metala ma ka ʻili aniani.Eia nō naʻe, hoʻonui ʻia nā lōʻihi hawewe i ʻike ʻia, kahi e hoʻomālamalama ai i ka helehelena a me ka hoʻopili lekiō.ʻO ka hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻana o nā mea hoʻokalakupua e like me nā ITO a me nā ATO e pale ana i ka lā o ka lā me ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe o ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia a ʻaʻohe hawewe lekiō i loko o nā kinikona nano-maikaʻi e hāʻawi mai i kahi ʻike ʻike e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ka Fig. ʻālohilohi nalu.

Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena malu o ka lā ma ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wela o ka lā (ka hapa o ka ikehu o ka lā e kahe ana i loko o ke aniani) a i ʻole ka mea pale radiation lā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ke aniani akaka 3 mm mānoanoa.